Improvement in doubling and twisting machines



,Pmmd Sept. 28. 1875.

N. PETERS PHOTO-LITNUGRAPHER WASHINGTON. D. C-

. ous stages in the operation of manufacturing, is

UNITED STATES PATENT Prion,

JOSEPH F. WIOKS, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND.

IMPROVEMENT IN DOUBLING AND TWISTING MACHINES.

I Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 168,309, datedSeptember 28, 1875; application fil d July 13, 1875.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JOSEPH F. WIoKs, ofProvidence, in the county of Providence and State of Rhode Island, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Doubling and TwistingMachines; andI do hereby declare that the following specification, takenin connection with the accompanying drawings forming a part of the same,is a clear, true, and complete description thereof.

My said improvements are applicable to doubling and twisting machines asgenerally constructed.

It is well known to persons skilled in the manufacture of textilefabrics that veryconsiderable loss is incident to the operation oftwisting and doubling. This loss is varied in its character, and,although occurring at varichargeable squarely to imperfect operations ofthe doubler. Commencing with the doubler itself, it is wellknown thatWhenever one of the yarns breaks there is a liability of an unduedelivery of the broken end before it is discovered; or, when one breaksand the other continues to be delivered until broken by'the drag on theflier, then this other end is liable to be gathered in by the nextadjacent spindle. If discovered and properly corrected by the operative,the waste from the broken ends mainly constitutes the loss. Ifdiscovered and not fully corrected, by withdrawing the triple twist andcommencing anew, with newly-joined ends, the yarn goes to the weaver,and either subsequently involves a loss represepted by the time of theweaver and the 10011], if the imperfect yarn be picked from the warp,or, if not attended to by the weaver at that time, (which is too oftenthe case,) the loss appears in the form of goods known as seconds.Various methods have heretofore been proposed,

and to some extent practiced, with a view to reduoin g to a minimumlosses of the character enumerated; but I know of none which practicallyobviate these difficulties. Stop-motions have beenheretofore employed,involving the use of devices for lifting a top rollerirom aconstantly-revolving roller, for preventing the action of the rolls uponbroken ends; but these revolving rolls are liable to so engage with abroken end as to cause a continued draft of yarn from its bobbin. Othershave involved theemployment of a friction-drum located between thebobbins from which the yarns are delivered, and a thread-eye lever,through which the yarns pass on their way to the flier. When one yarn isbroken, followed by the breakage of the remaining yarn, the threadeyelever is tilted by a counter-weight, and engages with the mechanismwhich revolves the friction-drum and stops it. In operation thesedoublers are defective, in that it is impracticable to maintain auniform degree of friction between the drum and the yarn, because thedrum, being frictionally mounted on a spindle, is liable at times to bemore or less easily rotated independently of its spindle than isdesirable. Moreover, the drum must be clad with leather, or othersimilar material, in order that a good frictional surface may beafforded, and this leather, especially when used on woolen yarns, isliable to speedy wear, and requires frequent renewal. Then, again, withthis device, no provision has been made for absolutely preventing thebroken ends from being taken up by the adjacent spindles. It has alsobeen heretofore proposed to independently drive the delivery-rolls bymeans of a constantly-revolving rod or roll, with which the lowerdelivery-roll friction-ally engages, and to effect a stoppage of thedeliveryrolls by mounting them in a swinging frame controlled by astop-motion lever, through an eye in which the yarn passes, so arrangedthat when a yarn breaks the swinging frame removes the lowerdelivery-roll from contact with the constantly-revolving rod or roll.Such doublers require a complex arrangement of levers and weights, inorder that proper frictional contact between the driving and drivenrolls may be maintained, and in order that the swinging frame orstandard may be properly controlled. The constantly-driven rod or roll,being located below the lower delivery-roll, is liable to catch lint andoil, and so have its frictional driving-power impaired, therebyresulting in irregular motion of the delivery-rolls and bad twisting.-Moreover,' the constantly-driven roll or rod is as liable to catch andwind up the broken end thereon as the bottom delivery-roll itself, ifthat roll were ranged to be stopped on the breakage of the roving; butin such drawing-frames the front or delivery rolls are continuouslyoperated.

Still another method has been heretofore proposed of checking thedelivery of yarn from the rolls of a doubler after an end has beenbroken, which involves, in connection with a constantly-rcvolving bottomroll, a tab controlled by a lever which, when the yarn breaks, allowsthe tab (composed of cloth or leather) to enter between thedelivery-rolls from the rear on top of the lower roll and beneath theyarn, thus preventing the yarn from being directly acted upon by thelower roll. In this machine, however, the lower roll, constantlyrevolving, is liable to engage with the downhanging broken end, and wrapitself therewith, resulting in waste, and requiring nearly, if notquite, the same watchful care as if no stopping device was employed.

It is a fact long conceded that the wellknown roller-beam doublerproduces better results in doubling than any other class of machines;but with this machine, as heretofore constructed, the roller-beam cannotbe controlled by a stop-motion at each spindle without stopping theentire machine, except the stop-motions be arranged as heretoforementioned, so as to lift an individual top roll from theconstantly-revolving bottom roll, as already referred to, and then theywould be open to the objections already cited. In connection with theroller-beam doubler it has also heretofore been proposed (and, perhaps,to some extent practiced) to employ a stopmotion which, on the breakageofthe thread, will throw the band from the spindle. This latter method,however, provides in no manner for so controlling the roller-beam as toprevent further delivery of the yarns, because the rollers continue torevolve, nor for so controlling the broken ends that they cannot betaken up by adjacent spindles.

Doublingmachines embodying my improvements operate with all thedesirable advantages of the roller-beam doubler, and at the same timethey prevent undue withdrawal of yarn from the delivery-bobbins after anend is broken, and also so control the broken ends as to practicallyrender it impossible for them to be taken up by adjacent yarns andspindles.

My invention consists, mainly, in the combination, with each spindle, ofindependentlydriven delivery-rolls, which are mounted in fixedstandards, and a stopping mechanism, whereby, on the breakage of thethreads, both of said rolls will be prevented from revolving, and thusabsolutely prevented from unduly withdrawing yarn from thedelivery-bobbins.

My invention fnrthcrconsists in the combination, with each spindle, of astop-motion lever and an end-controller, which, when a break of theyarns occurs, carries the broken ends backward and away from thespindles independently of the stop-motion lever.

My invention further consists in the combination, with a bed-plateprovided with means for attaching it to the frame of a doubler andstandards, of two rolls and a stop-motion lever, both with and withoutan end-controller, said combination constituting an attachment to bemade and sold for application to doublers already in use.

To more particularly describe my invention, I will refer to theaccompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 represents in perspectiveadoubling-machine embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 represents on'v anenlarged scale, partially in side view and partially in section, theportion of the machine containing my invention, and adapted to be madeand sold as an attachment applicable to ordinary doublers.

In the drawings I show a machine with the spindles, fliers,copping-rail, and driving mechanism not unlike those in ordinary use.The shaft A, however, is afeature to be introduced into the ordinaryframe when fitted to operate with my improvements. This shaft may beprovided with band-pulleys opposite each spindle, as at a, or, what ispreferable thereto, it may be provided with a small tin cylinderextending its whole length. B denotes a bed-plate such as I make when mydevice is intended for sale as an attachment to doublers. In that caseit is slotted longitudinally for adjustment to a convenient portion ofthe frame of the machine. Itis provided with two sets of standards.Those at I) serve as supports for the delivery-rolls. The lower roll 0is provided with axial studs,which have hearings in suitable holes inthe standards. The top roll D has also axial studs, which have theirhearings on inclined lateral surfaces on the inner sides of thestandards, so that at all times it presses with its full weight upon thebottom roll. This upper roll, when in position, has its axissufficiently to the rear of the axis of the botton roll to beself-maintained in its position with relation to the bottom roll. Thebottom roll has a cord or band pulley, as at 0, located on its axialstud, between one end of the roll and the adjacent side of one of thestandards. Outside of this pulley isa ratchet-wheel, as at d, which isalso secured to the axis of the lower roll. A beltcord from the shaft Apasses around the pulley c, and imparts to the bottom roller therequisite movement, the upper roll being meantime revolvedby frictionalcontact with the lower roll.

E denotes the stop-motion lever. It is pivoted to the standards e on thebed-plate, and extends from a point beneath the lower roll to thespindles. The front portion of this lever is jointed, as at f, so as toadmit of its being raised for the removal of the flier and bobbin fromthe spindle. This portion of the lever carries the pot-eye, as at g. Thepot-eye arm, as heretofore employed, has been so jointed as to admit ofthis upward movement, and my invention does not, therefore, relate tomaking may be provided with a thread-eye.

the frontend of the stop-motion lever jointed,

;as shown.

The jointed front end of the stop motion lever is longitudinallyslotted, and is provided with an adjustable weight, as at h,

for effecting" a proper counterpoise of the lever. Athread-eye, at i, isinserted into the lever near the joint.

F denotes a vertically-sliding bar, which is arranged to freely rise andfall in guides formed by openings in one of the standards b, adjacent tothe ratchet-wheel cl. The upper end of this bar is turned inward, and isarranged to engage. with the teeth of the ratchet when not heldat acertain height. The lower end of the bar also turns inward, and isnormally supported by the rear end of the stopmotion lever. r I

When the front end of the stop-motion leyet is held down by the tensionof the yarns, thesliding bar is raised above the ratchet, and the rollsare free to revolve; but, on the contrary, when the yarn breaks and theouter end of the lever rises, the sliding bar falls, engages with theratchet, and the rollsrare stopped, the driving-cord slipping on thepulley. The spools from which the yarn is to be drawn for twisting arelocated on pins or studs in the frame of the machine, on each side ofthe roll-standards. Theyarn is passed through an eye, as at k, thenceupward between the rolls, thence through the threadeye on thestop-motion lever, thence through the pot-eye to the flier and spindle.

With the rolls thus constructed and combined with each spindle and astop-motion,

. it will be seen that a desirable tension is atta-ined, as between therolls and the flier, by the weight of the top roll on both threads,

and that, therefore, so far as quality of service is concerned, mydoubler will operate equally as well as the roller-beam machine; andthat, as the delivery-rolls are both stopped on the breakage of thethreads, there can, by no possibility, be any undue withdrawal of yarnfrom the spools after the stop-motion has operated. r

I will now describe the means whereby, after the yarns have been brokenand the further delivery thereof ceased, the broken ends are controlled,so that they can, by no possibility, be taken up by adjacent arms orspindles.

My novel end-controller is shown at G. It consists of a light lever,which is provided with a lateral finger at its end for crossing the pathof the yarns on their way from the rolls to the pot-eye, between thelatter .and the thread-eye on the stop-motion lever; or this lever,instead of having thelateral finger,

This lever is pivoted to the outside of one of the standards 0 of thestop-motion lever, and is provided with acircular plate having a groovededge, after the manner of a cord-pulley.

Acweight, as at l, is secured to the lever by a cord occupying saidgrooved edge, so that when the outer end of the lever is not held downby a thread it rises and carries with it the broken ends, until they arethrown backward against the rolls, and they are there held securelyagainst possible contact with adjacent yarns or spindles.

It will be seen that after the stop-motion has operated there is noadjacent moving mechanism with which the broken end may engage, andwhereby it may be wastefully withdrawn. So far as relates to theadjacent yarns and spindles on either side, the end-controller is reliedupon for holding the end securely.

For operating machines with my improvements on woolen yarns, I preferthat the top roll shall weigh about forty ounces, although a somewhatlighter weight will enable them to render good service on cotton, wool,or silk.

When one thread breaks, the flier continues its draft on the yarn aslong as it has two threads in its eye; but when the sound thread arrivesat or passes the eye of the flier, said thread also breaks, on accountof the drag at flier and bobbin, and the stop-motion operates. Thebroken ends have, therefore, the same length when the break occursbetween the rolls and the fliers, and can be directly pieced to thesolid thread on the spindle.

Although I have shown my improvements as applied to machines havingfliers, they are in every way applicable to ring-twisters, and have aspecial value in that connection, owing to the greater tendency in thosemachines for broken ends to be taken up by adjacent yarns and spindles.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby these Letters Patent- 1. In a doubling and twisting machine, the"combination, with each spindle, of independently-driven delivery-rolls,mounted in stationary standards, and a stopping mechanism, substantiallyas described, whereby, on the breakage of the yarns of any spindle, itsdelivery-rolls.will be prevented from revolvin g, substantially as setforth.

2. The combination, with each spindle in a doubling and twistingmachine, of a stop-motion lever and an end-controller, substantially thebed-plate, connected with the rolls, and

arranged to permit or prevent their rotation, substantially asdescribed.

Witnesses: JOSEPH F. WIGKS.

WM. O.- WOOD, PHILIP l3. LARNER.

